Project Description
Today every area ranging from missile and unmanned aerial vehicle technology to urban administration, e-governance, remote sensing, energy sector, and even advertising and marketing depend on geospatial data. GIS and Remote Sensing are two exciting areas of technology to work on. Geographic information system (GIS) is a special system which is designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data on earth. GIS technology is an integrated database which has all the information like population characteristics, economic development opportunities, and vegetation types, maps etc. GIS allows to link the databases and maps and create dynamic displays. It also provides tools to visualize, query, and overlay the databases which are technically not possible through spreadsheets.
While GIS helps in explaining and predicting the events on earth, remote sensing is an art and science of measuring the earth with the help of sensors. Remote sensors generally collect the data by detecting the energy that is reflected back from Earth. These sensors are arranged on airplanes and satellites. Remote sensors collect the data in the form of images and manipulate them for analyzing and visualizing the data. GIS and Remote sensors are interrelated as these remote sensors are integrated within GIS systems to visualize and interpret the collected data.
To compete in the ever-growing demand for subject-specific expert in the Industry, and with a view to enable careers in the GIS and Remote Sensing Laws, NALSAR University of Law through its Centre for Aerospace and Defence Laws (CADL), had initiated to offer Course in this area. The program enables candidates of researching, choosing and assessing map source information for use in the arrangement or amendment of maps and diagrams to different scales. Candidates can have the employments identifying with examining information gave by remote sensing techniques.
The curriculum of the programme is a tailor-made to meet the professional needs of the remote sensing and geoinformatics industry. The course is a one-year programme consisting of 6 papers stretched into two semesters. The papers include General Principles of Law, Remote Sensing Technology and Law, GIS Technology and Law, Coastal Mapping and Coastal Zone Management, Satellite Technology, Remote Sensing, GIS and IPR Issues, and Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Resource Management.
Remote sensing and GIS is increasingly used by both Public and private companies that sell imagery and data to Google, Bing, scientists, academic and research libraries, and others. Specialists may also find employment at consulting firms, software development firms, and scientific laboratories, where they are expected to improve technologies, software, or data analysis techniques. They can also be hired by various Government organizations who work in this area.
ADMISSIONS
ELIGIBILITY
Bachelor’s Degree or an equivalent Degree in any discipline from any recognized University
Students appearing for the final year examination of Graduation / Engineering are also eligible to apply.
ADMISSION PROCEDURE
The admission is based on the performance in Statement of Purpose (SOP), Group Discussion and Interview.
FEE STRUCTURE
| Total Course fee : | Rs. 50,000/- payable in two installment |
| Repeat Examination Fee : | Rs. 500/- per subject |
Centres:
PGDGRL course is offered only at Hyderabad Centre.
CONDUCT OF THE PROGRAMME
The Post-Graduate Diploma Programme will have two semesters. Each Semester will have Onsite intense Sessions by the subject experts, followed by Online session where participants will work on the case studies and project assignments and upload them on the dedicated web platform. Onsite sessions will be conducted for three days in each session, twice in each semester at the selected centers by the subject experts. Suggested reference guidance would be provided at the onsite sessions. Each paper shall consist of 14 teaching hours. Case study analysis will be part of the concerned subjects and will be discussed in onsite sessions. Attendance at the onsite session is compulsory. Attendance shall carry 10 marks.
The conduct of the programme involves uploading of updated course material (assignments, projects etc.) on dedicated website.
Eligibility :
a. Bachelor’s Degree or an equivalent Degree in any discipline from any recognized University; or
b. Candidates appearing for the final year examination of Graduation are also eligible to apply, or
c. Candidates who complete three years of their 5-year integrated LLB Degree programme in Law are also eligible to apply.
Admission Procedure
Direct Admission subject to fulfilment of the eligibility criteria for the said course.
Course Duration
The duration of the Programme is one year and the maximum period for completion of the Programme is three years including the year of admission subject to payment of Continuation Fee as per the University Rules.
Fee Structure :
Course fee : Rs. 30,000/- (for Defence personnel –Rs. 25,000/-)
- Convocation fee will be charged separately as per the University Rules.
- Re-peat exam fee / Supplementary Exam fee will be charged @ Rs.500/- per paper
- Continuation fee beyond the minimum duration of the course till the maximum period is Rs.5000/- per year for Master’s Programme and Rs.3000/- per year for Post-Graduate Diploma Programmes.
- Boarding & Lodging charges at campus (subject to availability) during classes / exam will be extra as per the University Rules.
Note The University reserves the right to revise the Fee structure from time to time.
Centres:
NALSAR University of Law, Post Box No.1, Justice City, Shameerpet, Medchal District
CONDUCT OF THE PROGRAMME
The PG Diploma Programme will have two semesters. Each Semester will have Onsite intense sessions by the subject experts, followed by Online session where participants will work on the case studies and assignments and upload them on the dedicated web platform / submit them by email. The students can contact / communicate by email with the subject experts pertaining to various queries on the concerned subject. Relevant course material will be uploaded on the website and can be accessed through their login id.
Face to Face contact sessions will be conducted for five days in a semester at Hyderabad by the subject experts. Suggested reference guidance would be provided at the contact sessions. Each subject shall consist of 15 teaching hours which will come to 45 teaching hours per semester for two semesters. Case study analysis will be part of the concerned subjects and will be discussed in onsite sessions. Attendance at the onsite session is not compulsory.
The conduct of the programme involves uploading of updated course material, assignments etc. on the website.
Course Structure
| Code | Subject | Marks | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semester I | |||
| 1.1.1. | General Principles of Law | 100 | 5 |
| 1.1.2. | Remote Sensing Technology and Laws | 100 | 5 |
| 1.1.3. | GIS Technology and Law | 100 | 5 |
| Semester II | |||
| 1.2.4. | Coastal Mapping and Coastal Zone Management | 100 | 5 |
| 1.2.5. | Satellite Technology, GIS, RS and IPR Issues | 100 | 5 |
| 1.2.6. | Information Technology and Cyber Laws | 100 | 5 |
1.1.1. General Principles of Law
Introduction to Law – Definition, Nature, Scope and Development of law – Sources of Law, Legal Concepts, Difference between Substantive and Procedural Law; Indian Constitution – Salient Features, Fundamental Rights and Duties, Relevant Provisions relating to Space Law; Law of Contract – Nature, Scope and Definition of Contract, Essentials of a Contract, Classification of Contracts, Breach of Contract, Discharge of Contract, Remedies in Contract Law; Law of Torts – Meaning and Essentials of Tort, Liability, Judicial and Non-Judicial Remedies, Defences, Negligence, Types of Damages; Criminal Law – Definition, nature and scope of criminal law, Essentials, Defences, Offences relating to person and property; Civil and Criminal Procedure Code (Relevant Sections); Evidence Act (Relevant Sections); Property Law (Relevant Sections); Public International Law – Introduction to International Law – Definition, Nature, Scope and Development of International Law, Sources of International Law, Subjects of International Law, Relation between International Law and Municipal Law Domestic Application of International Law in India.
1.1.2. Remote Sensing Technology and Law
Introduction, Meaning and Definition, Fundamentals of RS Electromagnetic energy and remote sensing-Sensors, platforms and RS data acquisition systems-Multispectral, hyper spectral and thermal sensors Radiometric aspects of remote sensing data-Geometric aspects of remote sensing data-Image enhancement and visualization-Image interpretation and classification-Microwave thermal remote sensing-Radar & Laser altimetry R.S as source of Information, R.S Properties and Importance, Fields of Application of R.S, EthicalConsideration, Revival of ASPRS Code of Ethics, Emerging Issues, Human vision and Multispectral R.S, Spatial Data; Mapping Policy and Remote Sensing Laws; Legal Issues, Reasonable expectation of Privacy, Curtilage and Open fields, Filtering, Commercial Information Market, Direct criminal activity, Digital Ortho Photography and LIDAR, FLIRs (Forward Looking Infrared Thermal Scanning), Basics of Remote Sensing and Geospatial Data, The regulation of Remote Sensing by Satellites (including meteorological services), Relevant technical aspects of remote sensing by satellite and various remote sensing satellite systems, United Nations and legal principles governing remote sensing satellites, agreements/arrangements and data policies relating to the collection of remote sensing data, its processing and distribution etc.-Distribution of Data Policy -Legal issues pertaining to EO (Earth Observation)-Data policy for private enterprise includes concept of licensing (whether to license certain activities or licensing certain entities to undertake certain activities), Good Conduct, Financial Responsibility, Obligatory Insurance or Reimbursement, Operational Know-how, Technical competence certification, Minimum safety requirement, Whether to respect nationals or territories in a consonance to international obligations, Dispute Resolutions and whether it would be a criminal breach of national law to operate such a satellite system without license, Case Study; The Role of PPP in GJS and Remote Sensing Technology.
1.1.3. GIS Technology and Law
Introduction-Theory of GJS-Geographic information and spatial data types-Hardware and software; GIS; Steps of spatial data handling Database management systems-Spatial referencing-Data quality, measures of location errors on maps-Satellite-based positioning-Spatial data input, data preparation-Point data transformation-Analytical GIS capabilities; retrieval and classification; overlay functions- Neighborhood operations; network analysis; error propagation-Data visualiation – Geo information system and analysis-Raster data base design-GIS Vector based data structure/design-Data based creation for urban area analysis Urban information system for resources and integrated developing planning-Urban modeling – GIS application case studies-Grid cell Data Processing-Principle of grid cell date processing,-Rasterizing point, line and polygons-Selection of grid cell size and effect on data quality-Raster versus Vector Advantages and disadvantages : The Legal Regime, Function of law in society; Information as a Legal and Economic Entity – Quantity, Property rights, Public goods, Value of information, Information as evidence; Liability-Contract liability, Negligence, Strict product liability; Liability Scenarios, Errors in represented location, Representations of error-free data, Unintended and inappropriate uses; Access and Ownership-Privacy and Confidentiality, Open Records Laws, Freedom of Information Act, Copyright, Conflict of laws; Others-PAPA: Privacy, Accuracy, Property, Accessibility, GIS and Digital Data, GIS Data as Evidence, Information Systems; Legal Issues and Case Study
1.2.4. Coastal Zone Regulations and Management
Introduction-Basics: CZRM, Defining and Meaning of the Coastal Zone; The importance of the Coastal Zone and the need for management, Classification Criteria and Regulatory Norms, The concept of sustainability, Governance in Integrated Coastal Management; the Role of Law in Integrated Coastal Management, Meaning and Purpose of ICM Legislation; the Idea of Integrated Coastal Management; Understanding the Issues; Legal Principles; International and Regional Context for National ICM; Global Treaties; Regional Treaties -National Instruments; Sustainable Development and Use of Resources; Principle of Preventive Action; Precautionary Principle; Polluter Pays Principle; Equitable and Sustainable Use; Public Participation Enforcing Coastal; Defining the Coastal Zone; Using Multiple Definitions ; National Integrated Coastal Management Integrated Coastal Zone Management(ICZM), Expectations of ICZM, Defining Integration, ICZM Framework, ICZM in the Mediterranean , Constraints of ICZM, ICZM: case study; The European Union-Coastal Regulation Zone, Intertidal zone- area between HTL & LTL, Defined regulation zone landward of the HTL on sea coast and on the banks of estuaries creeks and backwaters; Objectives, Definition, Ecologically Sensitive Areas (ESA), Areas of Particular Concern-Coastal Issues, Social and economic Issues, natural resources Issues, economic base and physical location issues, Environmental degradation, resource reduction and user conflicts Issues, Case Study
1.2.5. Satellite Technology and Telecommunications Laws
Introduction- The role and functioning of the International Telecommunications Union; State regulation on space; a comparative approach, Satellite telecommunications, ·satellite broadcasting, Satellite technologies-Factual Background and Introduction to Technology-History and Development of Space Technology-Spaceflight, Satellites, Commercialization of space, A lien life, Living in space; Technology of Space Applications – Earth Observation Data in Disaster Management, Satellite Data in the Analysis of the Catastrophic Flood, Satellite Data for Disaster Monitoring, Satellite Overview of Sentinel Asia, Optical/Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Observation; Relationship between Space Technology and Law of Space Applications- Astronomy , Aerospace Engineering, Peaceful and Non-peaceful uses, Space Applications for Remote Sensing, Environmental Protection, Disaster Predication, Warning and Mitigation, Management of Earth Resources, Satellite Navigation and Location Systems, Space Communication & Application; GIS, RS and IPR Issues: Basic Concept & Overview-Philosophical Approaches, Theories, Classification and Kinds of Intellectual Property Rights – Philosophical Approaches to Property and Intellectual Property, Various Theories of Intellectual Property Rights, Classification of Intellectual Property Rights, Traditional IPRs-the Paris and the Berne Regimes, Modern IPRs-Under the WTOffRIPS Regime, Kinds of IntellectualProperty Rights; Definitions, Nature, Scope, and Development of International IPR; IPR Regulations under the Paris, Berne and WIPO Regimes; Berne Regime- Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, 1886 and other International Conventions on Copy Rights and Neighboring Rights; The Regulations of International Trade and International IPRs -GATT Regime; Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS); Domestic Enforcement of TRIPS Agreement in India, Domestic Enforcement of TRIPS – consequences
1.2.6. Information Technology and Cyber Laws
Introduction to Information Technology Law – Need for Information Technology and Law, Relationship between Law and Technology, the Current State of Information Technology in Legal Practice, Information Technology and Law: Barriers to Progress; International Law on Information Technology and Cyber Law, Evolution of Information Technology in international realm-World Summit on the Information Society-Geneva summit-Tunisia summit-Role of UNESCO and International Telecommunications Union-International treaties and bodies – ICANN-Internet Governance Forum-Reseaux IP Europeans Network Coordination Centre-Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement- Harmonization Of Cyber Laws, Development of Cyber Laws Post 2001, Cyber Legislations Worldwide, UNCITRAL Model Law on E-Commerce; Information Technology and Cyber Law in India, History of Information Technology and Cyber Laws in India, Information Technology Act 2000 and the subsequent 2006 & 2008 amendments, Cyber Crimes, Regulatory Authorities for Implementation of Cyber Law in India, Cyber Law Jurisprudence in India; Contemporary Challenges for Information Technology and Cyber Laws in India, Computer Forensics, E-Commerce, M-Commerce in India, Satellite Hacking, Cyber Attacks Insurance Computer Insecurity, Hackers, White Hat Hackers, Grey Hat Hackers, Black Hat Hackers, Internet Crime, Internet Fraud.
Bachelor’s Degree or an equivalent Degree in any discipline from any recognized University
Students appearing for the final year examination of Graduation / Engineering are also eligible to apply.
2.ADMISSION PROCEDURE
The admission is based on the performance in Statement of Purpose (SOP), Group Discussion and Interview.
3.FEE STRUCTURE
| Total Course fee | Rs. 50,000/- (for Defence personnel –Rs. 30,000/-) payable in two installments |
| Repeat Examination Fee | Rs. 500/- per subject |
| Re-registration Fee | Rs. 5000/- per subject |
4. COURSE STRUCTURE
| Code | Subjest | Marks | Credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semester I | |||
| 1.1.1. | General Principles of Law | 100 | 3 |
| 1.1.2. | Remote Sensing Technology and Laws | 100 | 3 |
| 1.1.3. | GIS Technology and Law | 100 | 3 |
| Semester II | |||
| 1.2.4. | Coastal Mapping and Coastal Zone Management | 100 | 3 |
| 1.2.5. | Satellite Technology, GIS, RS and IPR Issues | 100 | 3 |
| 1.2.6. | Dissertation | 100 | 3 |
5. CONDUCT OF THE PROGRAMME
The Post-Graduate Diploma Programme will have two semesters. Each Semester will have Onsite intense Sessions by the subject experts, followed by Online session where participants will work on the case studies and project assignments and upload them on the dedicated web platform. Under the mode of intense e-learning process, the students can access with subject experts pertaining to various queries on the concerned subject. Relevant course material and one to one contact with the subject experts will be through the web. Onsite sessions will be conducted for three days in alternate month at the selected centers by the subject experts. Suggested reference guidance would be provided at the onsite sessions. Each paper shall consist of 14 teaching hours. Case study analysis will be part of the concerned subjects and will be discussed in onsite sessions. Attendance at the onsite session is compulsory. Attendance shall carry 10 marks.
The conduct of the programme involves uploading of updated course material (assignments, projects etc.) on dedicated website.
6. EVALUATION SCHEME
6.1 Each paper shall carry 100 marks. The distribution of marks shall be as follows:
Attendance at onsite sessions : 10 Marks
Project work (Two projects of 15 marks each) : 30 Marks
End Semester Examination : 60 Marks
Submission of Dissertation
Written Report : 70 Marks
Viva-Voce Exam : 30 Marks
6.2 Award of Grades
The performance of the students would be evaluated on a seven point scale with corresponding grade values as mentioned below:
| Percentage of Marks | Grade | Grade Value |
|---|---|---|
| 80 and above | O (outstanding) | 8 |
| 75-79 | D | 7.5 |
| 70-74 | A++ | 7 |
| 65-69 | A+ | 6 |
| 60-64 | A | 5 |
| 55-59 | B+ | 4 |
| 50-54 | B | 3 |
| Below 50 | F(fail) | 0 |
6.3 Calculation of CGPA
Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is arrived at by dividing the sum of the products of Grade Values and the Course Credits in each course by the total number of credits in all the subjects.
6.4 A candidate to be successful should obtain a minimum of 50% marks or the equivalent grade, i.e., B in every course / Dissertation. However, the candidate who fails to obtain the minimum grade (i.e. B) shall be given another chance (repeat-examination) to complete the course. Candidates failing to secure the minimum marks in Dissertation shall re-submit the Dissertation. The repeat examination will be conducted only once, immediately within one month after the declaration of the results.
6.5 Once a student is declared as ‘Failed (F)’ for whatever reason, his/her grade shall carry ® with the grade obtained later. The students who fail to clear any subject even after the Repeat Examination has to Re-register for the same subject for next year and the grade obtained after re-registration will carry ®®.
7. AWARD OF THE DEGREE
7.1 A student to be eligible for the award of the P.G. Diploma should complete all courses including Dissertation obtaining atleast CGPA 3.00 out of 8.00.
7.2 A student admitted to the Post-Graduate Diploma program has to complete all the prescribed requirements within a maximum period of three years from and including the year of admission in order to be eligible for the award of the P.G. Diploma.
8. The Vice-Chancellor depending on the need may be authorized to approve the modifications, if any, in the admission process, course structure, course content and the evaluation scheme which shall be reported to the Academic Council and the Executive Council for ratification.